First Hollow
Stem Rating For
Wheat Varieties 2000


Production Technology - Crops

PT 2000-14

April 2000

Vol. 12 No. 14


Gene Krenzer, Small Grains Extension Specialist
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences
Division Of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources

First hollow stem (FHS) is defined as the growth stage at which hollow stem can first be identified above the crown in the larger shoots of ungrazed wheat. We declare that a wheat plot has reached FHS when the average distance of hollow stem above the root to the growing point (tiny head) of ten stems is 1.5 cm (0.6 inch). We dig up plants, select ten of the larger stems, cut the root off by cutting immediately above the root, split the stem lengthwise as near the center as possible, and measure the distance of hollow stem from the growing point to the root. Pictures of this procedure and more information about the economics can be found on the web at http://www.wheat.okstate.edu/wm/ptfs/cropmngmnt/pt97-5/PT97-5revised.pdf.

Producers might want to use earliness to FHS as a variety selection criterion. Those interested in grain only may want to avoid earliness to FHS to reduce the potential of damage from late freezes. Producers interested in trying to maximize return per acre of dual-purpose wheat would like to graze cattle as late into the spring as possible and still maintain grain yield. Since it has been identified that FHS is the optimum time to pull cattle, more days of grazing could be obtained with varieties reaching FHS late.

Data has been collected for five years comparing varieties and we have found that there are differences in when varieties reach FHS just as there are differences in when wheat varieties head. However, there is no relationship between how early a variety reaches FHS and how early it heads. The following table categorizes the wheat varieties we have evaluated. On the average over this five-year period, there have been 22 days from the time the earliest variety reached FHS until the latest did.

Early

Medium

Late

Very Late

TAM 202

Longhorn

Akron

Ike

Jagger

TAM 110

Lockett

2174 + Gaucho

Oro Blanco

Big Dawg

OK94P549-2C

Chisholm

Dominator

TAM 107

2158

2174

Ogallala

Thunderbolt

TAM 302

Triumph 64

Coronado

Custer

Trego

Prowers

AGSECO 7853

OK95571

2137

Tomahawk

Heyne

OK95G701

   

OK95G703

Tonkawa

   
 

OK96717

   
 

TX90A9528

   

Wheat Varieties Categorized for Earliness of Heading
Southwest Oklahoma 2000

Early

Medium

Late

Very Late

Jagger

Chisholm

Heyne

AGSECO 7853

Dominator

Custer

Ogallala

Thunderbolt

Coronado

Oro Blanco

2137

TAM 302

 

Tonkawa

2158

Lockett

 

Trego

2174

Tomahawk

 

OK94P549-2C

OK95G701

 
 

OK95571

   
 

OK96717

   

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Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Sam E. Curl, Director of Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma. This publication is printed and issued by Oklahoma State University as authorized by the Dean of the Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources.