|
Gene Krenzer, Small Grains Extension Specialist
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences
Division Of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
First hollow stem
(FHS) is defined as the growth stage at which hollow stem can
first be identified above the crown in the larger shoots of ungrazed
wheat. We declare that a wheat plot has reached FHS when the
average distance of hollow stem above the root to the growing
point (tiny head) of ten stems is 1.5 cm (0.6 inch). We dig up
plants, select ten of the larger stems, cut the root off by
cutting immediately above the root, split the stem lengthwise
as near the center as possible, and measure the distance of hollow
stem from the growing point to the root. Pictures of this
procedure and more information about the economics can be found
on the web at http://www.wheat.okstate.edu/wm/ptfs/cropmngmnt/pt97-5/PT97-5revised.pdf.
Producers might want to use earliness to FHS as a variety
selection criterion. Those interested in grain only may want to
avoid earliness to FHS to reduce the potential of damage from
late freezes. Producers interested in trying to maximize return
per acre of dual-purpose wheat would like to graze cattle as
late into the spring as possible and still maintain grain yield.
Since it has been identified that FHS is the optimum time to
pull cattle, more days of grazing could be obtained with
varieties reaching FHS late.
Data has been collected for five years comparing varieties
and we have found that there are differences in when varieties
reach FHS just as there are differences in when wheat varieties
head. However, there is no relationship between how early a
variety reaches FHS and how early it heads. The following table
categorizes the wheat varieties we have evaluated. On the
average over this five-year period, there have been 22 days from
the time the earliest variety reached FHS until the latest did.
|
Early |
Medium |
Late |
Very Late |
|
TAM 202 |
Longhorn |
Akron |
Ike |
|
Jagger |
TAM 110 |
Lockett |
2174 + Gaucho |
|
Oro Blanco |
Big Dawg |
OK94P549-2C |
Chisholm |
|
Dominator |
TAM 107 |
2158 |
2174 |
|
Ogallala |
Thunderbolt |
TAM 302 |
Triumph 64 |
|
Coronado |
Custer |
Trego |
Prowers |
|
AGSECO 7853 |
OK95571 |
2137 |
Tomahawk |
|
Heyne |
OK95G701 |
|
|
|
OK95G703 |
Tonkawa |
|
|
| |
OK96717 |
|
|
| |
TX90A9528 |
|
|
Wheat Varieties Categorized
for Earliness of Heading
Southwest Oklahoma 2000
|
Early |
Medium |
Late |
Very Late |
|
Jagger |
Chisholm |
Heyne |
AGSECO 7853 |
|
Dominator |
Custer |
Ogallala |
Thunderbolt |
|
Coronado |
Oro Blanco |
2137 |
TAM 302 |
| |
Tonkawa |
2158 |
Lockett |
| |
Trego |
2174 |
Tomahawk |
| |
OK94P549-2C |
OK95G701 |
|
| |
OK95571 |
|
|
| |
OK96717 |
|
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